Flight Reservation System- Tps free essay sample

IT Systems Assignment 2 Transaction Processing Systems Bidhu EPGDBM 110304 Sowmya NatarajanEPGDBM 110320 Raghavendra DVEPGDBM 110312 Model 1 Flight Reservation System- TPS: Data flow and process description in a flight reservation system Assumptions: * We have explained only the 1st level of information details for the Flight reservation system TPS. Each Process described under Processing can be further expanded to include the input data, process, output to a greater detail. * We have extended the transaction flow to the following points from User’s perspective. * Login Enquiry Reservation * Edit * Cancellation * Administrative functions are not covered as part of this assignment. * As part of Standard Error Processing the system would intimate the user with a appropriate error information when faced with a error Detailed Description: Login: Inputs – User ID and Password Processing Authenticate User ID and Password Verification: * Verify the user information against t he database; Make sure the login information is credible and trustworthy. Outputs Access Granted/Denied Users Users of this process is the User himself/herself Future use of this Data: Website could gather these user details for conducting business analytics model Enquiry Reservation: Inputs – Accept Source, Destination, Departure date, Return Date, Adult/Child/Infant, Class of Travel, Exact Match/Range Match on Date Processing The TPS would do all the necessary checks as mentioned as below Verification: * Verify the input Source and Destination places details against database to check for valid input. We will write a custom essay sample on Flight Reservation System- Tps or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * Verify the departure date and return date against calendar and each other * Verify the class of travel, adult information or supply with default data Flight Availability: Verify the availability of flight for input Source and destination place details against database in the date/date range specified. Throw appropriate output messages if no match found * If match is found in the above step gather the Time, Airport information, fare, tax, surcharge discount information from the database from each type of flight. Total fare gets calculated here. * Display the flight availability data for each flight to user on the screen. * Enable the user to customize the display and modify his search Flight Reservation: Additional input Information of Insurance, payment options are sought here * Enable the user to select the flight details. * Decide on additional things like insurance, web check in, selecting of preference seat and display appropriate information to user. * Information relating to the traveler are sought and made sure that the mandatory information fields are filled * Payment method process is initialized displaying all the payment options * Proceed with the user selection and ask for the relevant details like Name, Ph no, Credit Card No, Expiry Date, CVV no, Payment gateway preference. If all the above information successfully pass through the user is granted the ticket and the booking is confirmed. Permanent database update is done for all flight information, accounting information, user is confirmed. Outputs – Ticket Issued/No Issue Users -these processes involve flight management software User Future use of this Data: Customer details can be used as part of business anal ytics, marketing research, advertisement program. Edit: Inputs – Booked Flight Information Processing The TPS would do all the necessary checks as mentioned as below Verification: * Verify the flight information to check for valid edit request. * Verify the departure date and return date against calendar and each other to sort out discrepancies. * Verify the availability of flight for input Source and destination place details against database in the date/date range specified. Throw appropriate output messages if no match found * If match is found in the above step gather the Time, Airport information, fare, tax, surcharge discount information from the database from each type of flight. Total fare gets calculated here. * Display the flight availability data for each flight to user on the screen. * Enable the user to customize the display and modify his search Flight Reservation Edit: Additional input Information of Insurance, payment options are sought here * Enable the user to select the flight details. * Decide on additional things like insurance, web check in, selecting of preference seat and display appropriate information to user. Information relating to the traveler are sought and made sure that the mandatory information fields are filled * Payment method process is initialized displaying all the payment options for any extra payments * Proceed with the user selection and ask for the relevant details like Name, Ph no, Credit Card No, Expiry Date, CVV no, Payment gateway preference. * If all the above information successfully pass through the user is granted the updated ticket and the booking is confirmed. Permanent database update is done for all flight inform ation, accounting information, user is confirmed. Outputs Edit Granted/Denied Users -these processes involve flight management software User Future use of this Data: Customer details can be used as part of business analytics, marketing research, advertisement program. Cancellation: Inputs – Booked Flight Information Processing The TPS would do all the necessary checks as mentioned as below Verification: * Verify the flight information to check for valid Cancellation request. * Verify the departure date and return date against calendar and each other to sort out discrepancies. Verify the availability of flight for input Source and destination place details against database in the date/date range specified. Throw appropriate output messages if no match found * If match is found in the above step gather the Time, Airport information, fare, tax, surcharge discount information from the database from each type of flight. Total fare gets calculated here. * Display the reservation availability data to user on the screen. * Enable the user to customize proceed with cancellation option. Flight Reservation Cancellation: * Confirmed with user about Cancellation Process gathers the Time, Airport information, fare, tax, surcharge discount information from the database from each type of flight. Total refund fare gets calculated here * Proceed with the user selection and confirmed the account details of the user with which the ticket booking was issued. * If all the above information successfully pass through the booking is cancelled. Permanent database update is done for all flight information, accounting information, ticket is cancelled, and refund process is initiated. Outputs Cancellation Request Granted/Denied Users -these processes involve flight management software User Future use of this Data: Customer details can be used as part of business analytics, marketing research. Model 2 Google search: Input: 1. Search words 2. Location 3. In case, if signed in Gmail identification 4. Last searches in same session. 5. IP address Processing: Google Search can be divided into two parts. 1. Storing the details about pages in web 2. Retrieving relevant page on search Storing the details about web: In Google, the web crawling (downloading of web pages) is done by several distributed crawlers. There is a URLserver that sends lists of URLs to be fetched to the crawlers. The web pages that are fetched are then sent to the storeserver. The storeserver then compresses and stores the web pages into a repository. Every web page has an associated ID number called a docID which is assigned whenever a new URL is parsed out of a web page. The indexing function is performed by the indexer and the sorter. The indexer performs a number of functions. It reads the repository, uncompresses the documents, and parses them. Each document is converted into a set of word occurrences called hits. The hits record the word, position in document, an approximation of font size, and capitalization. The indexer distributes these hits into a set of barrels, creating a partially sorted forward index. The indexer performs another important function. It parses out all the links in every web page and stores important information about them in an anchors file. This file contains enough information to determine where each link points from and to, and the text of the link. The URLresolver reads the anchors file and converts relative URLs into absolute URLs and in turn into docIDs. It puts the anchor text into the forward ndex, associated with the docID that the anchor points to. It also generates a database of links which are pairs of docIDs. The links database is used to compute PageRanks for all the documents. The sorter takes the barrels, which are sorted by docID , and resorts them by wordID to generate the inverted index. This is done in place so that little temporary space is needed for this operation. The sorter also produces a list of wordIDs and offsets into the inverted index. A program called DumpLexicon takes this list together with the lexicon produced by the indexer and generates a new lexicon to be used by the searcher. The searcher is run by a web server and uses the lexicon built by DumpLexicon together with the inverted index and the PageRanks to answer queries. Retrieving relevant page on search: User is aware of this part, as the explicit input of search criteria is provided. But along with criteria, other inputs such as location, search pattern and many such criteria are going. For example, If we search same word say † Uganda† from Google, different people get different input. Output: The zillions of pages related to the current search criteria is shown as anchor. Control and monitoring: Users are allowed to enter any input in the text box. But based on their input, Advertisements and search inputs are considered. Storage for Future: Based on the sites visited, search pattern is determined. This is used to display the list of sites next time. Based on the popular search inputs stored, a drop down box is displayed to aid users to complete the search criteria. Also, the sites are ranked to display in order. Model 3 Restaurant 1. Input Transaction processing systems are information systems which collect, store, modifies and retrieves the daily transactions of an organization. TPSs are all to do with business, money and most importantly securing and recording the daily transactions of a company. Four important characteristics of a TPS are: * Rapid Response * Reliability * Inflexibility * Controlled Processing * Batch Processing * Real – Time Processing * Transaction Process Monitors * Data Validation * Manual Transaction Systems A transaction is any event that passes the ACID test in which data is generated or modified before storage in an information system. Transactions Processing Qualifiers In order to qualify as a TPS, transactions made by the system must pass the ACID test. The ACID tests refers to the following four prerequisites: Atomicity Atomicity means that a transaction is either completed in full or not at all. For example, if funds are transferred from one account to another, this only counts as a bone fide transaction if both the withdrawal and deposit take place. If one account is debited and the other is not credited, it does not qualify as a transaction. TPS systems ensure that transactions take place in their entirety. Consistency TPS systems exist within a set of operating rules (or integrity constraints). If an integrity constraint states that all transactions in a database must have a positive value, any transaction with a negative value would be refused. Isolation Transactions must appear to take place in isolation. For example, when a fund transfer is made between two accounts the debiting of one and the crediting of another must appear to take place simultaneously. The funds cannot be credited to an account before they are debited from another. Durability Once transactions are completed they cannot be undone. To ensure that this is the case even if the TPS suffers failure, a log will be created to document all completed transactions. These four conditions ensure that TPS systems carry out their transactions in a methodical, standardised and reliable manner. 2. Process For a restaurant, the process architecture and design is as follows: The physical design of a TPS system for a restaurant is as follows: Output: Entry: 1. The Member hands over the membership card. 2. The receptionist scans the card and generates an order slip and the table # is generated. Ordering: 3. The waitress takes the order slip and inputs it into the order entry process system and feeds the order details into the table records. 4. The table processing system interacts with the other processing systems for Bar order, Kitchen orders Exiting: 5. The table records flow to the billing process system. 6. The Billing process system generates and processes the bill receipt. 7. After the customer’s signature, an order slip is generated and the receptionist scans the bill into the billing process system. 8. The Billing processing system processes it to the Monthly billing system.